Today, the Pong Game is considered to be the game which started the video games industry, as it proved that the video games market can produce significant revenues. Soon, Pong became a huge success, and became the first commercially successful game, on 1975, Atari release a home edition of Pong (the first version was played on Arcade machines) which sold 150,000 units. The game was originally developed by Allan Alcorn and released in 1972 by Atari corporations. The game can be played with two human players, or one player against a computer controlled paddle. Hear more from the team behind this breakthrough on Inside Science on BBC Sounds.Pong is one of the first computer games that ever created, this simple "tennis like" game features two paddles and a ball, the goal is to defeat your opponent by being the first one to gain10 point, a player gets a point once the opponent misses a ball. "We have to see this new technology very much like the nascent computer industry, when the first transistors were janky prototypes, not very reliable - but after years of dedicated research, they led to huge technological marvels across the world," he says.Īrtificial-intelligence (AI) researchers have already produced devices that can beat grandmasters at chess.īut Prof Karl Friston, of University College London, who is working with Dr Kagan, says: "The mini-brain learned without it being taught and so is more adaptable and flexible." The mini-brains are likely to become more complex as the research progresses - but Dr Kagan's team are working with bioethicists to ensure they do not accidentally create a conscious brain, with all the ethical questions that would raise. ''There is information being passed around and clearly used, causing changes, so the stimulus they are receiving is being 'thought about' in a basic way,'' he says. The researchers say their mini brains are more adaptable than current AI systems and so might provide the basis for more adaptable robotsĭr Kagan's description of his system as sentient, however, differs from many dictionary definitions, which state it means having the capacity to have feelings and sensations.Ĭardiff Psychology School honorary research associate Dr Dean Burnett prefers the term ''thinking system''. "Tapping into their true function unlocks so many more research areas that can be explored in a comprehensive way." But the purpose of brain cells is to process information in real time," he says. "When people look at tissues in a dish, at the moment they are seeing if there is activity or no activity. Beer Pong?ĭr Kagan hopes the technology might eventually be used to test treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. It often missed the ball - but its success rate was well above random chance.Īlthough, with no consciousness, it does not know it is playing Pong in the way a human player would, the researchers stress. The mini-brain learned to play in five minutes. They expended less energy as the game continued.īut when the ball passed a paddle and the game restarted with the ball at a random point, they expended more recalibrating to a new unpredictable situation. In response, the cells produced electrical activity of their own. Pong is an early computer game where the object is to move the bar on the left to prevent the small square slipping past - very simple, but very exciting in 1972
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